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Here is a white-LED-based emergency light that offers the following advantages. 1-It is highly bright due to the use of white LEDs. 2-The light turns on automatically when mains supply fails, and turns off when mains power resumes. 3-It has its own battery charger. When the battery is fully charged, charging stops automatically. The charger power supply section is built around 3-terminal adjustable regulator IC LM317 (IC1), while the LED driver section is built around transistor BD140 (Q2). In the charger power supply section, an input AC main is stepped down by T1 to deliver 9V, 500mA to the bridge rectifier, which comprises diodes D1 through D4. Filter capacitor C1 eliminates ripples. Unregulated DC voltage is fed to input pin 3 of IC1 and provides charging current through D5 and limiting resistor R15. By adjusting preset P1, the output voltage can be adjusted to deliver the required charging current. When the battery gets charged to 6.8V, D6 conducts and charging current from IC1 fi...

( Simple add-on module Switchable "Control-flat" option ) In order to obtain a good audio reproduction at different listening levels, a different tone-controls setting should be necessary to suit the well known behaviour of the human ear. In fact, the human ear sensitivity varies in a non-linear manner through the entire audible frequency band, as shown by Fletcher-Munson curves. A simple approach to this problem can be done inserting a circuit in the preamplifier stage, capable of varying automatically the frequency response of the entire audio chain in respect to the position of the control knob, in order to keep ideal listening conditions under different listening levels. Fortunately, the human ear is not too critical, so a rather simple circuit can provide a satisfactory performance through a 40dB range. Circuit diagram : Simple Automatic Loudness Control Circuit Diagram The circuit is shown with SW1 in the "Control-flat" position, i.e. without the Automa...

Imagine for aquarium lighting that gives a natural look, which is automatic and still use LED bulbs. That must cost a fortune, but even if you build a circuit of LED lighting that turns on automatically at sunset, off at dawn and switches the white, blue and green to give a different touch to the aquarium can get cheapie as in the above circuit. The interrupt circuit uses an LDR light sensor as making automatic switching, activating IC1 CD4060 which is a binary counter with 10 outputs, mixing colors and creating a colorful beautiful to the bottom of the aquarium tank.   Automatic Lighting Aquarium Circuit Diagram

Simple Automatic Water Pump Controller Circuit Diagram is a series of functions to control the Automatic Water Pump Controller Circuit in a reservoir or water storage. As the water level sensor made with a metal plate mounted on the reservoir or water tank, with a sensor in the short to create the top level and a detection sensor for detecting long again made the lower level and ground lines connected to the bottom of reservoirs or reservoir.  The series of automatic water pump controller is designed with 2 inputs NOR by 4 pieces and relay that is activated by the transistor. Automatic water pump circuit requires +12 VDC voltage source and can be used to control the water pump is connected to AC power . Here is the complete series of pictures. Automatic Water Pump Controller Circuit Diagram working principle series of automatic water pump controller above is. At the time the water level is below both sensors, the output IC1C (pin 10) will be LOW, Kemudin when the water began to to...

There are 2 kinds of solar automatic tracking controllers. One is Schmitt trigger light control composed of a light sensor and a Schmitt trigger or monostable trigger. Solar Automatic Tracking Controller Circuit Diagram: The second one is usingtwo light sensors and two comparators to form two light-control motors and controlforeward and reversing. As throughout the year, the strength of the sun in the morning and at noon changes in ambient light, and the range is enormous, the above two controllersare difficult to make large solar energy receiver track in the sun-weather season. The control circuit described here also includes two voltage comparators. Butthe input side of the light sensors is composed of two photosensitive resistors connected in series.

The author is the happy owner of a television set with built-in Ambilight lighting in the living room. Unfortunately, the television set in  the bedroom lacks this feature. To make up for this, the author attached a small lamp to the wall to provide background lighting, This makes  watching television a good deal more enjoyable, but it ’s  not the ideal solution. Although the TV set can be  switched off with the remote  control, you still have to get out of bed to switch off the lamp. Circuit diagram : Automatic TV Lighting Switch Circuit Diagram Consequently, the author devised this automatic lighting switch that switches the background light on and off along with the T V set. The entire circuit is fitted in series with the mains cable of the TV set, so there’s no need to tinker with the set. It works as follows: R1 senses  the current drawn by the TV  set. It has a maximum value  of 50 mA in standby mode,  rising  to around ...

You can pick up a 3½-digit digital volt-meter module nowadays for a little as a couple quid. This is a simple and expensive way to fit out a piece of equipment with an instrument. Most modules are based on the well-known ICL7106 IC . They operate from an ordinary 9-V battery, and they only provide a fixed measuring range (200 mV or 2 V). The accessory circuit described here converts a DVM module into a voltmeter with 20-V and 200-V measuring ranges, with the added bonus of automatic range switching. This requires a ground-referenced symmetrical supply voltage (±5 V) instead of a battery. An inexpensive TL431C is also used to generate an adjustable reference volt-age from the supply voltage. The circuit described here uses an LCD module with a fixed measuring range of 200 mV. It has three pins for driving the decimal point; two of them are used here. Automatic Range Switching Schematic This is how the circuit works: IC1 converts the voltage to be measured by the DVM m...

VW CAR PASSAT ENGINE CONTROL AND AUTOMATIC SOLENOID ELECTRICAL WIRING CIRCUIT 1993 VW Passat Engine Control Module, Automatic Control Unit, and Automatic Solenoid Electrical Wiring Diagram are shown in the following figure. It shows the connection and wiring between each parts and component of Engine Control Module, Automatic Control Unit, and Automatic Solenoid system of the vehicle such as the multi-function switch, fuse/relay panel, knock sensor, coolant temperature sensor, shift lock solenoid, starter interlock/back up lit relay,automatic control computer clutch shut off relay, automatic control unit, automatic solenoids, program switch, throttle position sensor, full throttle switch, idle switch, throttle valve potentiometer, ignition booster, distributor firing order, engine control module, carbon canister, cold starter, idle air control valve, evap emission on/off valve, and many more.

Normally, chargers available in the market do not have any sort of control except for a ro-tary switch that can select different tap-pings on a rheostat, to vary the charging current. This type of control is not adequate because of the irregular fluctuations in the mains supply, rendering the control ineffective.  A simple circuit intended for automatic charging of lead-acid batteries is presented here. It is flexible enough to be used for large capacity inverter batteries. Only the rating of transformer and power transistor needs to be increased. Automatic Battery Charger Circuit Diagram   The circuit has been basically designed for a car battery (about 40 Ah rating), which could be used for lighting two 40W tube lights. The circuit includes Schmitt trigger relay driver,float charger,and battery voltage monitor sections.  The Schmitt trigger is incorporated to avoid relay chattering. It is designed for a window of about 1V. During charging, when the battery voltage inc...

This circuit can be used with a timer clock to open and close curtains or (vertical) Venetian blinds. The curtain or blind is driven by  an electric motor with a reduction gearbox fitted to the control mechanism of the curtain or blind. This circuit is ideal for giving your home an occupied appearance while you are away on holiday or for some other reason. In the author’s house, this arrangement has provided several years of trouble-free service on a number of windows fitted  with Venetian blinds. The original design was a simple relay circuit with pushbuttons for opening and closing and reed switches acting as limit switches. The mechanical drive is provided by a small DC motor with a reduction gearbox and pulley (all from Conrad Electronics).  It was later modified to work automatically with a timer clock. The timer operates a small  230-VAC (or 120-VAC) relay with a changeover contact. Thanks to the two timers, the motor stops after a few seconds if one of the reed switches is miss...

Got a replacement InkShield and progressing to build an Open hardware project? Then why not strive creating the Semi-Automatic Paintbrush. browse on to grasp a lot of concerning this. Any work of art are often copied using this and therefore the elements that are needed to form this is often listed below: IR camera InkShield Ink cartridge IR LED. The software that's run on a desktop for this purpose is understood as paintbrush.py. The software plays the role of mapping the camera focus with the co-ordinate system of the canvas. Four LEDs are placed at every corner of the canvas and therefore the mapping is calibrated by hitting a key when needed. The region of the image is captured by tracking the motion of the LEDs. the mandatory commands are send to an Arduino with the InkShield by means that of a script written for this purpose. The script tells the arduino that nozzle to fireplace and additionally the grey level that must be achieved by the firing nozzle. so as to avoid floodin...

T his  automatic  bicycle  light  makes cycling in the dark much  easier (although you still need  to pedal of course). The circuit  takes  the  ambient  light  level  into account and only turns on  the light when it becomes dark.  The light is turned off when no  cycling has taken place for over  a minute or if it becomes light  again. The biggest advantage of  this circuit is that it has no manual controls. This way you can  never ‘forget’ to turn the light  on or off. This makes it ideal for  children and those of a forgetful  disposition. To detect when the bicycle is  used (in other words, when the  wheels turn), the circuit uses a  reed switch (S1), mounted on  the frame close to the wheel.  A small magnet is fixed to the  spokes (similar to that used with  most  bicycle  speedometers),  which  closes  the  ...

Description: This is a simple single-zone burglar alarm circuit. Its features include automatic Exit and Entry delays and a timed Bell/Siren Cut-Off. It's designed to be used with the usual types of normally-closed input devices such as - magnetic reed contacts - micro switches - foil tape - and PIRs. But it can be Easily Modified to accept normally-open triggering devices - such as pressure mats. Circuit Diagram   Notes:   It's easy to use. First check that the building is secure and that the green LED is lit. Then move SW1 to the "set" position. The red LED will light. You now have about 30 seconds to leave the building. When you return and open the door - the Buzzer will sound. You then have about 30 seconds to move SW1 to the "off" position. If you fail to do so - the relay will energize and the Siren will sound. While at least one of the switches in the normally-closed loop remains open - the Siren will continue to sound. However, about 15-minutes aft...

Presented here is a solution for switching off outdoor lamps even when you are not at home. The lamp turns on in the evening and turns off in the morning so that there is no need for manually switching it on/off. The circuit is directly powered from AC mains and can be enclosed in a plug-in type adaptor box. It can drive a bulb, CFL, tubelight, LED lamp, etc up to 200W. Author’s prototype is shown in Fig. 1. Circuit and working Fig. 1: Author’s prototype The circuit uses a transformer-less power supply to generate low-volt DC. As capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in AC lines, these should be X-rated capacitors. This minimises space and makes the unit light-weight. Unlike an ordinary capacitive power supply, a more efficient power supply design is used for spike-free operation. Phase (L) and neutral (N) lines have identical circuits so reversal in polarity while plugging will not affect the circuit. 105K (1µF) 400V AC capacitors are used that can drop 230V AC to low-level AC. Resistors...

The author is the happy owner of a television set with built-in Ambilight lighting in the living room. Unfortunately, the television set in  the bedroom lacks this feature. To make up for this, the author attached a small lamp to the wall to provide background lighting, This makes  watching television a good deal more enjoyable, but it ’s  not the ideal solution. Although the TV set can be  switched off with the remote  control, you still have to get out of bed to switch off the lamp.   Circuit diagram :   Automatic TV Lighting Switch Circuit Diagram   Consequently, the author devised this automatic lighting switch that switches the background light on and off along with the T V set. The entire circuit is fitted in series with the mains cable of the TV set, so there’s no need to tinker with the set. It works as follows: R1 senses  the current drawn by the TV  set. It has a maximum value  of 50 mA in standby mode,  rising  to around   500 m A  when  the  set  is  operating. The ...

This circuit can be used with a timer clock to open and close curtains or (vertical) Venetian blinds. The curtain or blind is driven by  an electric motor with a reduction gearbox fitted to the control mechanism of the curtain or blind. This circuit is ideal for giving your home an occupied appearance while you are away on holiday or for some other reason. In the author’s house, this arrangement has provided several years of trouble-free service on a number of windows fitted  with Venetian blinds.  The original design was a simple relay circuit with pushbuttons for opening and closing and reed switches acting as limit switches. The mechanical drive is provided by a small DC motor with a reduction gearbox and pulley (all from Conrad Electronics).  It was later modified to work automatically with a timer clock. The timer operates a small  230-VAC (or 120-VAC) relay with a changeover contact. Thanks to the two timers, the motor stops after a few seconds if one of t...

Here is a simple, electronics street light switch using LDR and NE555. The working of this circuit is truly based on light sensing, i.e. automatic turn it on in night (no sunlight available) and turn It off at sunshine (sunlight available). An electronics street light switch is a switching circuit so, for more detail we can divide this circuit into two section i.e. power supply and switching circuit. In this power supply section the work of step-down transformer is done by register R1 and further rectification to change into 9.1V dc is by diode D1 and zener diode ZD1. The output voltage across zener diode is further filtered by capacitor C1 and C2. The another section of street light is switching section built around light-dependent resister LDR1 with the help of transistor T1 through T3 and timer IC NE555 (IC1), where LDR1 is used as sensor of this switching circuit.As in day time the resistance of LDR1 remain low but it is reverse in night time i.e. high resistance is offered by ...

Simple Automatic Water Pump Controller Circuit Diagram is a series of functions to control the Automatic Water Pump Controller Circuit in a reservoir or water storage. As the water level sensor made with a metal plate mounted on the reservoir or water tank, with a sensor in the short to create the top level and a detection sensor for detecting long again made the lower level and ground lines connected to the bottom of reservoirs or reservoir.  The series of automatic water pump controller is designed with 2 inputs NOR by 4 pieces and relay that is activated by the transistor. Automatic water pump circuit requires +12 VDC voltage source and can be used to control the water pump is connected to AC power . Here is the complete series of pictures. Automatic Water Pump Controller Circuit Diagram working principle series of automatic water pump controller above is. At the time the water level is below both sensors, the output IC1C (pin 10) will be LOW, Kemudin when the water began to to...

This circuit will turn on/off 12V DC fan or CPU fan when temperature above normal temperature.You can set turn on temperature by adjust VR1. This circuit use an NTC ( Negative temperature coefficient )which is a thermistor is one in which the zero-power resistance decreases with an increase in temperature. So If temperature increate the voltage at pin 3 on LM311 will decreated .The resistance of NTC is about 10K at 25'c. VR1 should be multi-turn potentiometer type such 10K/25 turn link

Going by car the highway with your high-beam headlights can actually increase your visibility, but can be a blinding hazard for other drivers. This easy circuit can be connected into your headlight swap to provide automatic swaping between high and reduced beam headlights when there is oncoming traffic. It does this by feeling the lights of that traffic. In this way, you can propel securely with your high-beams on without blinding other drivers.    Automatic Headlight Brightness Switch Circuit Diagram Q1 should me mounted in such a way so it points toward the front of the car with a clear line of site.  Suitable places are on the dashboard, in the front grill, etc. Adjust all the pots for proper response by testing on a deserted road. S1 enables and disables the circuit.B1 is, obviously, in the car already. Before you try to connect this circuit, get a wiring diagram for your car.  Some auto manufacturers do weird things with wiring. Connection A goes to the high be...