ffd

This is a simple project of 2-Wire Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram. The Type LM35 temperature sensor from National Semiconductor is very popular for two reasons: it produces an output voltage that is directly proportional to the measured temperature in degrees Celsius, and it enables temperatures below zero to be measured. A drawback of the device is, however, that in its standard application circuit it needs to be connected to the actual measuring circuit via a three-wire link. This drawback is neatly negated by the present circuit. When the LM35 is connected as shown, a two-wire link for the measurement range of –5 °C to +40 °C becomes possible. 2-Wire Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram:     Two-Wire Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram Actually, the circuit shown is a temperature-dependent current source, since it uses the variation of the quiescent current with changes in temperature. The values of resistors R3 and R4 are calculated to give an output voltage of 10mV °C–1....

Normally, the level of a liquid in a container is determined by sensing changes in the capacitance or resistance between a pair of electrodes that are immersed in the liquid. Generally speaking, this technique requires fairly complicated circuitry to protect the electrodes against electrolysis (and associated corrosion). In addition, in many cases the liquid must be conductive for the measurement principle to actually be usable. The circuit presented here shows that an alternative approach is possible. Circuit diagram: Novel Liquid-Level Sensor Circuit Diagram Here we utilise the fact that a PTC resistor warms up in pro-portion to the amount of current flowing through it, with the result that its resistance increases. If a PTC resistor is immersed in a liquid, the additional warmth is dissipated in the liquid and the resistance remains nearly constant. If the level of the liquid drops below the immersion depth of the resistor, the change in the resistance can be easily sensed by...

Infrared light has a difference with ordinary light in general. We can see clearly when a light or light on an object. As with the infrared light we can not see the manifestation of these rays. Frankly I can not answer when asked why the infrared rays are not visible in the eyes of us. So at night do not hope you can make light by using infrared light. One thing that is often heard from many people that infrared light can utilized for the functions of a camera that can see in dark conditions is often called an infrared camera. Actually I have explained the working principles of electronic circuit section in this blog is about the basic working principle of a series of infrared sensors are simple. To design this sensor circuit you should not find trouble if you ever make another series of sensors. It's just that the sensor circuit consists of the transmitter and receiver, to learn the basic principles of this series of infrared you can see in the Basic Principles Series Infrared Tra...

2-Wire Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram . The Type LM35 temperature sensor from National Semiconductor is very popular for two reasons: it produces an output voltage that is directly proportional to the measured temperature in degrees Celsius, and it enables temperatures below zero to be measured. A drawback of the device is, however, that in its standard application circuit it needs to be connected to the actual measuring circuit via a three-wire link. This drawback is neatly negated by the present circuit. When the LM35 is connected as shown, a two-wire link for the measurement range of –5 °C to +40 °C becomes possible. 2-Wire Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram:     Two-Wire Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram Actually, the circuit shown is a temperature-dependent current source, since it uses the variation of the quiescent current with changes in temperature. The values of resistors R3 and R4 are calculated to give an output voltage of 10mV °C–1. Where good accuracy is de...

Pyroelectric Fire Sensor -Circuit-Diagram. Here is an ultra-sensitive fire sensor that exploits the direct piezoelectric  property  of  an ordinary piezo element to detect fire. The lead  zirconate  titanate  crystals  in the piezo element has a property to de-form and generate an electric potential plifier with gate protected p-channel.  MOSFETs in the inputs. It has high speed  of  performance  and  low  input current requirements. There are two inputs—the non inverting input (pin 3) connected to the piezo element through diode D7 (OA71) that carries the volt-age signal from the piezo element and the inverting input (pin 2) that gets a momentarily changes the voltage level at pin 3 of IC1 and its output swings high. Transistor T1 conducts taking the reset pin 12 of IC2 to ground. IC2 is now enabled and start oscillating. With the shown values of the oscillating components C3 (0.22) and R8 (1M), when heated, thus converti...

Color sensor is an interesting project for hobbyists. The circuit can sense eight colours, i.e. blue,green and red (primary colors); magenta, yellow and cyan (secondary colours); and black and white. The circuit is based on the fundamentals of optics and digital electronics. Circuit diagram : Colour Sensor  Circuit Diagram The object whose colour is required to be detected should be placed in front of the system. The light rays reflected from the object will fall on the three convex lenses which are fixed in front of the three LDRs. The convex lenses are used to converge light rays. This helps to increase the sensitivity of LDRs. Blue, green and red glass plates (filters) are fixed in front of LDR1, LDR2 and LDR3 respectively. When reflected light rays from the object fall on the gadget, the coloured filter glass plates determine which of the LDRs would get triggered. The circuit makes use of only ‘AND’ gates and ‘NOT’ gates. When a primary coloured light ray falls on the system, ...

Temperature and humidity sensors used are SHT75. This sensor is a chip that can measure temperature and humidity as well. The use of these sensors with consideration of its small size and reliability. The output of this sensor has the form of digital data in the chip because it has been there for a 14bit ADC. Temperature measurement range between -40-123,8 º C and humidity between 0-100% Rh. Measurement accuracy reaches ± 0.3 per increase of 25 º C for temperature and ± 1.8% RH for humidity. Temperature and humidity sensor The default measurement resolution of this sensor is 14 bits to 12 bits and temperature sensors for humidity sensors, can also use only 12 bit resolution and 8 bits.