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This is a Simple 1.5V Battery to 5V Voltage Converter Circuit Diagram. Stable and secure 5V DC (at 200mA max) from an ordinary 1.5V AA sized cell. At the heart of this circuit is IC1 MAX756 from Maxim, which is a CMOS step-up DC-DC switching regulator for small, low input voltage or battery-powered systems.   Simple 1.5V Battery to 5V Voltage Converter Circuit Diagram MAX756 accepts a positive input voltage down to 0.7V and converts it to a higher pin selectable output voltage of 5V (or 3.3V). Typical full-load efficiency for the this IC is greater than 87%. Max756 combine a switch-mode regulator with an N-channel MOSFET, precision voltage reference, and power-fail detector in a single monolithic device. The MOSFET is a “sense-FET” type for best efficiency, and has a very low gate threshold voltage to ensure start-up under low-battery voltage conditions (1.1V typ). The circuit can be easily wired on a very small rectangular common PCB.All connections should be kept as short as poss...

In this article I will discuss what switch bounce is and some ways to deal with it. First I will take you through the theory, and later I will show you some ways to handle it in both hardware and in software. Recommended level Beginner Theory What is switch bounce? When you push a button, press a mico switch or flip a toggleswitch, two metal parts come together. For the user, it might seem that the contact is made instantly. That is not quite correct. Inside the switch there are moving parts. When you push the switch, it initially makes contact with the other metal part, but just in a brief split of a microsecond. Then it makes contact a little longer, and then again a little longer. In the end the switch is fully closed. The switch is bouncing between in-contact, and not in-contact. "When the switch is closed, the two contacts actually separate and reconnect, typically 10 to 100 times over a periode of about 1ms." ("The Art of electronics", Horowitz & Hill, Sec...

This simple circuit is a DC-DC converter that converting up 12V source to a 24V . It can be used to run radios, small lights, relays, horns and other 24V accessories from a 12V vehicle with a maximum draw of about 800mA. This DC-DC Converter can be used to charge one 12V battery from another, or step up the voltage just enough to provide necessary overhead for a 12V linear regulator. Using one op-amp as a squarewave oscillator to ring an inductor and another op-amp in a feedback loop, it won't drift around under varying loads, providing a stable 24V source for many applications. With a wide adjustment in output this circuit has many uses.  Parts List R1-R4,R7-R8 100K 1/4W Resistor  R5 470 Ohm 1/2W Resistor  R6 10K Linear Pot  C1 0.01uF Mylar Capacitor  C2 0.1uF Ceramic Disc Capacitor  C3 470uF 63V Electrolytic Capacitor  D1 1N4004 Rectifier Diode  D2 BY229-400 Fast Recovery Diode See Notes Q1 BC337 NPN Power Transistor  U1 LM358 Dual O...

There are some hopes that the sun will become a main source of energy in the 21st century. By then, sources of oil will be almost exhausted and will only play a minor part in the supplying of energy. Interested to know how to make a simple solar tracker with dual axis? Learn More The present interest in solar energy is therefore not surprising. Some work has already been done with solar cells and solar panels . However, these only operate with optimum performance when positioned exactly at right- angles to the sun. Unfortunately, this situation is not usual in our latitudes unless the solar panels are rotated with respect to the sun. The efficiency of a solar panel system can be improved if the panels track the sun, and remain as long as possible at the most favorable angle of incidence.  The circuitry required is relatively simple. lt uses a window comparator which keeps the drive motor idle, as long as the two LDrs are subjected to the same illumination. Half the operating v...

There are monitors which only have three BNC inputs and which use composite synchronization (‘sync on green’). This circuit has been designed with these types of monitor in mind. As can be seen, the circuit has been kept very simple, but it still gives a reasonable performance. The principle of operation is very straightforward. The RGB signals from the VGA connector are fed to three BNC connectors via AC-coupling capacitors. These have been added to stop any direct current from entering the VGA card. A pull-up resistor on the green output provides a DC offset, while a transistor (a BS170 MOSFET) can switch this output to ground. It is possible to get synchronisation problems when the display is extremely bright, with a maximum green component. In this case the value of R2 should be reduced a little, but this has the side effect that the brightness noticeably decreases and the load on the graphics card increases. To keep the colour balance the same, the resistors for the other two colo...

This is the Simple 12V To 24V DC-DC Converter Circuit Diagram. This simple DC-DC converter can provide up to 24V from a 12V source. It can be used to run radios, small lights, relays, horns and other 24V accessories from a 12V vehicle with a maximum draw of about 800mA. It can be used to charge one 12V battery from another, or step up the voltage just enough to provide necessary overhead for a 12V linear regulator. Using one op-amp as a squarewave oscillator to ring an inductor and another op-amp in a feedback loop, it won't drift around under varying loads, providing a stable 24V source for many applications. With a wide adjustment in output this circuit has many uses.  Simple 12V To 24V DC-DC Converter Circuit Diagram Parts    Part                          Total QTY    Description R1, R2, R3, R4, R8, R7    6    1...

Here is the software Smart Sine, that I created and now use to generate sine tables. It is the improved and more developed version of the software I had previously created with a few more useful features. It is relatively simple to use and gives results quickly as opposed to manually calculating the table. If the software asks for .NET Framework Installation, you can download it from: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=17851 or http://www.filehippo.com/download_dotnet_framework_4/ Download the software from : Recommended: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B4SoPFPRNziHWVdLYVFKeHlsWjQ/view?usp=sharing Alternate link: http://www.4shared.com/zip/L2RbV7Hz/Smart_Sine.html Here are a few screenshots:

Description counter 0-9 This counter 0-9 in easy to assemble, basic to use for other more complex where we make use of integrated circuits didactically as these could be replaced by other more complex circuits with simple application of microcontrollers. Counter operation 0-9. This counter circuit is formed by a generator essentially comprises a wave 555 which functions as a circuit astable multivibrator operating this type is characterized by an output square waveform with width defined by the designer.The outgoing wave frequency can be controlled by the resistor is connected between pins 7-8 and 2-7 in addition to the electrolytic capacitor connected to pin 2 of land. The pulse output can be varied by 100K ohm potentiometer (RV1). Circuit counter The 7490 is a counter asynchronous decades BCD to binary, this counter counts the falling edges of the clock pulses generated by 555, 4 outputs move counter to count in binary 0 in BCD (0000) to 9 BCD (1001). To counter operation must co...

DC13.8V to DC250V Inverter Circuit Diagram I have done a lot of work with valves in recent years. For me valves have many advantages, least of all the price; since they are now "obsolete" it is quite easy to get hold of them for next to nothing at rally's and junk sales. I recently purchased a couple of hundred battery valves for less than SEK1 (US$ 0.15) each. The biggest problem with valves is the PSU needed to provide +250 vDC and 6.3 vAC for the filaments. The transformers are no-longer available at a reasonable price, but a pair of 12v-6v-0v-6v-12v mains transformers will do the job just as well. For portable use only one transformer is required together with a pair of power transistors such as 2N3055 etc.

An electronic Simple 6 to 15V DC to DC Converter Circuit Project. A very efficient 6V to 15V DC to DC converter using LM2585 is shown here. LM2585 is a monolithic integrated voltage converter IC that can be used in various applications like flyback converters , boost converters, forward converters, multiple output converters etc. The circuit requires minimum number of external components and the IC can source up to 3A output current. 6 to 15V DC to DC Converter Circuit Diagram Here the IC is wired as a boost converter where resistors R1 and R2 are used to set the output voltage .The junction of R1 and R2 is connected to the feedback pin of IC1. Capacitor C4 is the input filter while capacitor C1 the filter for output. Network comprising of resistor R1 and capacitor C2 is meant for frequency compensation. Inductor L1 stores the energy for acquiring boost conversion. Notes:      Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB. LM2585 requires a heatsink. Output voltage is...

3V DC to 5V DC REGULATED POWER SUPPLY ELECTRONIC DIAGRAM A 5V DC regulated output from 2 cells 3V DC batteries. The output current of the circuit is limited to 50mA. However, it still able to supply many microcontroller circuits. 3009 and 560R Resistor provide the 5V DC output, make up a voltage divider network.

There seems to be alot of interest in making home made stun guns these days. Some things need to be said before we go any farther. Home made stun guns like any home made device could be hazardous! Home made devices are fun to build and play with, but use at your own riskI. If you doubt your skills, or need some thing more powerful and dependable, click on a link and have a look around There is a huge difference between a Stun Gun and a Taser, a stun gun is a contact weapon and a taser fires darts attached to wires. We are Talking about a Stun Gun Here. If you want to learn more about a Taser but. If you are still wanting to build your own stun gun than lets get started. Assembly of a home made stun gun The main piece of equioment needed is a disposable camera, make sure it is one with a flash. #1- carefully open the casing of the camera, but be careful not to damage anything in the process. #2-Take out the battery to prevent being shocked in case of accidental discharge. #3-You will ne...

This is a Variable 5 to 20V DC Supply Circuit Diagram . If you are looking for a low drop voltage regulator that can provide a power supply of 1A with an output voltage of between 5V and 20V DC, National Semiconductor LM2941 Low Dropout Adjustable Regulator is that you can pick to make use of. It's a typical dropout voltage of 0.5V which means that the input supply need only must be 0.5V DC over the desired output voltage.  Variable 5 to 20V DC Supply Circuit Diagram   Its other features include internal short circuit current limit and reverse battery protection. As shown in the schematic below, the regulator has five pins which consists of the ON/OFF control, Input Voltage, Output Voltage, Ground & Adjustable pins. ON/OFF is used for the purpose of switching on & off of the regulator. The capacitors C1 & E1 are to be placed as close as feasible to the regulator.  The output of the circuit can be varied by varying the worth of potentiometer VR1 from 5V DC to 2...

If users don't update their Windows Phones to 7.5, they won't be able to access Marketplace. (Credit: Josh Miller/CNET)    Anyone with a Windows Phone that hasn't been upgraded to version 7.5 won't be able to use Microsoft's Marketplace app store as of today. Microsoft announced today that in order to download, buy, update, or review apps in Marketplace, users have to be running Windows Phone 7.5. This change is required for both the phone and web Marketplace storefronts. "Most phones are already running Windows Phone 7.5, which was released last fall, and so most of you won't notice anything different about how the Marketplace works," Microsoft's director of program management, Mazhar Mohammed, said in a blog post today. "However, if your phone has an earlier version of our software installed, you'll soon start seeing an error message when you try to download a new app, or update one you already own."

I have built this amplifier and it does sound good. It requires a preamp as it hasn't got much gain. It requires big heat sinks and a large transformer and a great power supply and careful wiring, but in the end it is xtremely simple and it sounds very good. The zener diode rejects any ripple coming from the power supply, But you still only want a ripple of 10mV max. The ripple reaching the input is amplified, so the zener diode gets rid of that, but whatever ripple there is will still reach the power stage.  10 to 14W Class A Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram

By configuring a comparator and a transistor to control the oscillator in a charge pump circuit, you enable the pump to generate a regulated output of in principle any desired value. Charge pump ICs can either invert or double an input voltage (for example, 3 V to –3 V or 3 V to 6 V). The charge pump itself does not regulate the output voltage and one running off 3 V is not normally capable of generating intermediate output voltage levels like 5 V. However, by adding a comparator and a reference device, you can create arbitrary output levels like 5 V and regulate them as well. Circuit diagram  : Inductorless 3-to-5 Volts Converter Circuit Diagram Charge pump IC1 (a MAX660) has an internal oscillator whose 45 kHz operation transfers charge from C1 to C2, causing the regulated output to rise. When the feedback voltage (pin 3 of IC2) exceeds 1.18 V, the output of comparator IC2 (a MAX921) goes high, turning off the oscillator via T1. The comparator hysteresis (easily added on IC2) i...

If you’re into electronics, engineering and making things move, you’ll need a good handle on electric actuators. Use this beginner’s guide to electric actuators before you set out to purchase your first actuator. What is An Actuator? Before linear electric actuators were around, the only way to make a robot move forward was to use rotary actuators. Linear actuators changed all that. When it comes to electric actuators, you’ve got two main choices: lead screw and ball screw. You’ve really got a ton of choices, like peizo-electric, and there are a ton of innovations happening right now, but for this article, we’ll stick to the basics. Lead Screw Actuators Lead screw actuators use a threaded lead screw and a nut to create motion. The gear system runs, turning the screw moving it along the nut. Here’s a quick diagram to illustrate the idea. Ball Screw Actuators They essentially use the same principle with a lead screw and a motor, but instead of using a nut, they use small bearings that ru...

Used ICs: MSP3410G, 24C16, SDA55xx, VSP9402, DDP3315C, TDA4470M, STR-F6654, TDA8358J, TDA6108JF - Panasonic TX-29E50D, TX-29E50D/B, TX-29PS12D, TX-29PS12F, TX-29PS12P  ALIGNMENT SETTINGS (The figures below are nominal and used for representative purposes only.) To access Service Mode select program position 99 and set sharpness to minimum. Press “MUTE” button on remote control and at the same time press the „ ∨ ” button on the customer controls at the front of the TV, this will place the TV set into Service Mode. Press ∧ / ∨ buttons to step up / down through the functions. Press + / - buttons to alter the function values. To exit Service Mode press „MENU” button. TX-29E50D, TX-29E50D/B, TX-29PS12D, TX-29PS12F, TX-29PS12P - MAIN-BOARD PTMPMSV29P1FF circuit diagram