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You can use this laser-based intruder alarm conveniently at the entrance of a hall or any other similar location to protect the same from unauthorised access as and when desired. Its range can be extended further to protect the perimeter of a  building from unauthorised intrusion by using a cascade arrangement of multiple alarms. The circuit consists of a transmitter and a receiver. Circuit diagram : Fig. 1: Transmitter circuit Diagram The transmitter circuit (shown in  Fig. 1) is nothing but a laser diode (LD1) driven by a 9V PP3 battery. The  output of IC1 is regulated 5V as long as  its input remains equal to or more than  7.5V, thus ensuring a constant drive  current for the laser diode. The battery (Batt1) is connected to the circuit  through switch S1. The laser diode (LD1) can be  replaced with a laser pointer (torch)  emitting red laser beam. The laser  pointer itself can be used as a transmitter. The pointer has in-built series  resistance, on/off switch and battery. Ci...

INTRODUCTION TO DARLINGTON PAIR In practice, the two transistors are put inside a single package and three terminals E, B and C are brought out as shown in figure. This three terminal device is known as darlington pair. It acts like a single transistor that has high current gain and high input impedence. DARLINGTON AMPLIFIER Darlington amplifier with voltage divider bias is shown in figure. In this circuit the output of one amplifier is coupled into the input of the next one by directly joining emitter of one transistor to the base of Other. Obviously, the emitter current of the first transistor becames the base current for the second transistor. The biasing analysis is similar to that of RC coupled Amplifier except that two Vbe drops are to be considered. ADVANTAGES OF DARLINGTON AMPLIFIER It uses very few components and can be readily formed from two adjacent transistors in an IC. It provides excellent Characteristics of high input impedence with low output impedence and high curren...

In the circuit use a IC AN7171 . Minimum requirment  voltage is 12 volt and maximum voltage is 15  volt . Power output 2 X 30 W with impedance 4 Ohm . Speaker match woofer speaker , and operate it on the small room. This circuit matches variety of input device such us mixer , equalizer , tone control , processor , galaxy , bass boost , giga bass , and etc. This circuit schematic below : AN7171 amplifier schematic Output speaker is stereo , output couple with ground and add commponent resistor 2,2 Ohm and capacitor 100 nF.

The 600W Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram is based around {LM4702}manufactured by NATIONAL semiconductors&{MJ11029-MJ11028} by ON semiconductors It is a high fidelity audio power amplifier. Designed for demanding consumer and pro-audio applications. You can also use this circuit with AV receivers, Audiophile power amps, Pro Audio High voltage industrial applications etc Amplifier output power maybe scaled by changing the supply voltage and number of output devices. The circuit includes thermal shutdown circuitry that activates when the die temperature exceeds 150°c. CIRCUIT’s mute function, when activated, mutes the input drive signal and forces the amplifier output to a quiescent state.  Simple 600W Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram Power: Maximum Output power @ 8ohms : 300watt Absolute max power supply voltage :±38V to ±40V Recommended power supply voltage :±30V to ±35V

Solid state relays are almost everywhere these days, but they are very expensive. So, your efforts to build their own salary. Especially since it’s only a few parts and circuit simple and straightforward. Solid state relay is not really at all relays. There are no “relay” is available only with electronics, connection works. It works well as a relay, you can use low voltage higher and better. “Relay” between 115/220V AC wires in place, although it was customary, the neutral conductor and leave unchanged phases and neutral. As long as no voltage (left in picture), the phototransistor TIL111 blocks of energy, and thus is not available. To ensure that the base TIL111 is fed to the transmitter (s) through the 1M resistor. This method prevents the base of transistor BC547B will be low and remains biased ‘on’. Collector is low and the gate (g) TIC106M thyristor, which is still in the country, “off”. 4-diode bridge rectifier circuit has no power apart from a small base and collector current B...

Here I tested a 600W 50Hz sine wave inverter circuit using push-pull topology instead of full-bridge topology. 2 PIC16F684's were used - one for SPWM and one for charging. 2 microcontrollers were used intentionally as the purpose was to test if I could use the microcontrollers together and use each of them for multitasking. 2 auxiliary transformers are used - one for powering the circuitry when running off mains and one for current sensing. Charging is done with 4 relays that are turned on/off according to input voltage and accordingly connect the input voltage to an appropriate transformer winding/tapping to keep output voltage relatively constant. Switching frequency is 16kHz. The sine table has 32 values. Here is the complete sine table: 0, 16, 32, 47, 62, 77, 91, 103, 115, 126, 136, 144, 151, 156, 160, 162, 163, 162, 160, 156, 151, 144, 136, 126, 115, 103, 91, 77, 62, 47, 32, 16, //65% 0, 17, 33, 49, 65, 80, 94, 107, 120, 131, 141, 149, 156, 162, 166, 168, 169, 168, 166, 162, 1...